frustrate和 frustrating的区别主要体现在词性、含义及用法上,具体分析如下:
一、词性不同
frustrate是动词,表示“使沮丧”“阻挠”“挫败”等动作。
frustrating是形容词,表示“令人沮丧的”“令人懊恼的”,用于描述事物或情况。
二、含义差异
frustrate强调动作的结果,即“导致某人感到沮丧”(如:The movie was frustrating.)。
frustrating强调事物本身的性质,即“具有令人沮丧的特性”(如:The traffic was frustrating.)。
三、用法区别
动词用法 - 可作谓语,例如:
- The bad weather frustrated our plans.(天气恶劣阻碍了我们的计划)
- 常见搭配:
- frustrate one's efforts(阻挠某人的努力)
- 过去式/过去分词:
- frustrated(如:He felt frustrated.)
- 现在分词:
- frustrating(如:This task is very frustrating.)
形容词用法
- 修饰名词或代词,例如:
- The confusing instructions were frustrating.(令人困惑的说明令人沮丧)
- 常见搭配:
- frustrating + 名词(如:frustrating situation)
- 表示人的感受:
- He looked frustrated after the meeting.(会议后他显得很沮丧)
四、补充说明
名词形式: frustration(如:The frustration of not being able to finish the task.) 副词形式
frustratingly(如:The problem was frustratingly complex.)
通过以上分析,可以清晰地看到 frustrate侧重动作(如“阻挠”“挫败”),而 frustrating侧重状态(如“令人沮丧”“令人懊恼”)。